Gene pool of the peoples Eastern Caucasus based on Y-chromosome haplogroups and autosomal data
The Eastern Caucasus, which covers modern Dagestan and Azerbaijan, is an important land bridge connecting Europe with the Anterior or Western Asia.
Two papers this year, published several months apart, concern the autosomal gene pool of the peoples of the Eastern Caucasus and the variability of the g chromosome in the same populations. An overview of these works is presented to your attention. Such a systematic analysis of the gene pools of populations inhabiting historically connected territories of the eastern part of the Caucasus allows us to see the most voluminous and objective picture of the variability of the gene pool of populations of this physico-geographical area. And the results of these studies can be used to model the settlement of early humans across the Caucasus, Western Asia and Eurasia, using updated and expanded DNA data.
In total, 2,216 people from 22 ethnic groups of the Eastern Caucasus and adjacent regions representing 3 language families were analyzed in the works: the Nakh-Dagestan (Avar-Ando-Caesian, Lak, Lezgian and Nakh branches), Altai (Turkic branch) and Indo-European (Iranian group).
The research focused on the Eastern Caucasus, the genetic data of 1,329 people representing the indigenous peoples of Dagestan and Azerbaijan were analyzed in more detail than the populations of the steppes of the Northern Caspian Sea, speakers of the Nakh languages and the Iranian-speaking peoples of the Caucasus, who entered the comparison groups and were represented by combined samples without further division into smaller subgroups.
The Nakh-Dagestan language family was represented by 14 ethnic groups: Avars and Tindins (Avar-Andean language branch), Caesars and Ginukhs (Caesian branch), Dargins, Kaytags and Kubachins (Darginian branch), Laks (Lak branch), Lezgins, Rutuls, Tabasarans and Tsakhurs (Lezgin branch of the Nakh-Dagestan family), as well as Chechens and Ingush (the Nakh branch). The Turkic-speaking peoples were represented by the population of the Eastern Caucasus (Karanogai, Kumyks, Terekeme of Dagestan and Azerbaijanis of Azerbaijan) and the western part of the Eurasian steppe (Stavropol Nogais, Astrakhan Tatars, Nogais and Stavropol Turkmens or Trukhmen). The Iranian-speaking population of the Caucasus was represented by Tatami, Mountain Jews, Yezidis, Kurds and Talysh.
And as a result of the autopsy of the 22nd thousandth group led by the Caucasus, data on 243 genomes, which are broadband panels of SNP markers, are presented, in addition to 43 early statements that were obtained as a result of acquaintance with the Marker panel.
More than half of the studied samples have been published in new works for the first time.
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Sources:
Agdzhoyan, A.; Iskandarov, N.; Ponomarev, G.; Pylev, V.; Koshel, S.; Salaev, V.; Pocheshkhova, E.; Kagazezheva, Z.; Balanovska, E. Origins of East Caucasus Gene Pool: Contributions of Autochthonous Bronze Age Populations and Migrations from West Asia Estimated from Y-Chromosome Data. Genes 2023, 14, 1780. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14091780
Balanovskaya, E. V., Gorin, I. O., Petrushenko, V. S., Ponomarev, G. Yu., Belov, R. O., Pocheshkhova, E. A., etc. The role of the Caucasian, Iranian and steppe populations in the formation of the diversity of the autosomal gene pool of the Eastern Caucasus // Bulletin of the Russian State Medical University. 2023. No.3. pp. 36-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24075/vrgmu.2023.0...
Additional:
Guliyev F.E. Neolithization processes in the Middle Kura basin. Universum Humanitarium. 2021;(2):146-167. https://doi.org/10.25205/2499-9997-20...
Sahakyan, H., Margaryan, A., Saag, L. et al. Origin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267. Sci Rep 11, 6659 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85...
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