Population genomics of post-glacial Eurasia. Hunter-gatherers, farmers and nomads.
Here is a review of scientific work with new genetic data from 317 people and a total sample of 1,600 samples of ancient people from the Atlantic Ocean to Lake Baikal, which fill gaps in our knowledge across time and space. We will talk about the population structure of hunters and gatherers after the last glacial maximum, about the main genetic changes in Western and Eastern Europe, as well as about hunters and gatherers east of the Urals. The work also clarified important details of the origin of representatives of the Corded Ware culture. Enjoy watching and don’t forget to support the channel, which is very important.
#science #genetics #palaeogenetics #history #DNA #Europe #Russia
The genetic diversity of human populations in Western Eurasia was largely shaped by three major prehistoric migrations:
1. Migrations of hunter-gatherers, namely anatomically modern people at an early stage of socio-economic development, who occupied the territory from approximately 45 thousand years ago. At the same time, the contribution to subsequent populations was made by their surviving lines after the last glacial maximum about 25-19 thousand years ago.
2. Further, a much more significant contribution was made by the early Neolithic farmers who came from the Middle East from about 11 thousand years ago.
3. Steppe pastoralists, who spread from the Black Sea-Caspian steppe about 5,000 years ago, introduced a third major genetic component to the populations of Western Eurasia.
The autosomal gene pool of almost all European populations for the most part consists of varying proportions of these ancestral components, regardless of what haplogroups they have...
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00:00 Preface
00:44 Introduction
14:36 Results
16:17 Population structure of hunters and gatherers after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)
23:05 Major genetic changes in Europe
30:37 Stability of hunter-gatherer populations east of the Urals
36:23 Sociocultural changes
38:02 Results. Appearance and reduction of genetic gap
Source:
Allentoft, M.E., Sikora, M., Refoyo-Martínez, A. et al. Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia. Nature 625, 301–311 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06...
Additionally:
Posth, C., Yu, H., Ghalichi, A. et al. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers. Nature 615, 117–126 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05...
Hans Splinter hunter gatherer www. flickr.com/photos/archeon/50452914, photos/archeon/4534001584, photos/archeon/29212435630
Some illustrations:
commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=(insert number from list)
Terker - CC 3.0, 2918556
Einsamer Schütze - 66373223, 16318120, 16318127, 66373236
Anagoria - 24964348
Alexey - Cropped version of: File:Afanasievo display translation.jpg, 145026031
Kośko, A., Viktor I., K., Mikhailo, P., Włodarczak, P., & Danuta, Żurkiewicz. (2023). Yampil barrows from the fourth and IIIrd millenium BC in the light of Polish-Ukrainian investigations 2010-2014. Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 75(1), 247–281. doi.org/10.23858/SA/75.2023.1.3605
Maps: indo-european.eu/maps
Reconstructions: www.ancestralwhispers.org/
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