Genetic data and reconstruction of the appearance of the Chinese Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou
Since the Shang Dynasty, the rulers of China have generally used the title Wang, somewhat similar to the European king or king, but in 221 BC, Ying Zheng or Qin Shi Huang, "the great emperor and founder of the kingdom of Qin", proclaimed himself the "First Emperor". And subsequently, for more than 2000 years, until the last emperor of the Qing state, Aishingyoro Puyi, the emperors of China were endowed with symbolic meaning. The Emperor was considered the “Son of Heaven”, and was perceived as a divine protege, endowed with a “Heavenly Mandate” to rule the state, which was considered the source of legitimation for the ruling dynasty. In total, in the history of China there were 83 feudal dynasties over 2132 years.
Of these, the Wei kingdom of the Three Kingdoms era (220-266 AD), the state of the Six Dynasties - Jin (266-420 AD), and then with the overlay of the era of the Sixteen Barbarian States 304-439 AD, there was the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420-589), during which political power changed frequently, and different emperors ruled in the north and south of China. Northern historians note that during this period, integration between nomadic and agricultural groups reached its apogee, leading to the Sinicization of some nomadic groups. During these centuries, emperors also changed frequently as dynasties rose and fell.
And among these Chinese emperors, one of the notable figures was the third emperor of the Sino-Xianbei dynasty of Northern Zhou - Wu Di (Yuwen Yong). It was a Xianbei/Tubas state during the Northern and Southern Dynasties in Northern China from 557 to 581. During the reign of Emperor Wu, Northern Zhou destroyed its rival, the Northern Qi Empire, in 577, annexing its territory, which formed the basis for the further unification of China during the time of Emperor Wen, founder of the Sui dynasty (581-618) and former commander Northern Zhou.
The Xianbei played an important role in the history of China for at least 7 centuries, so it is quite interesting whether there was a genetic difference between Emperor Wu and other representatives of the ancient Mongol nomads studied earlier. Also of considerable interest to both the academic community and the public is his genetic profile, as well as physical characteristics, including appearance and susceptibility to disease, given that Wu died suddenly at the age of 36, and his son died at the age of 21?
#genetics #DNA #history #palaeogenetics #China #Chinese
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Source:
Du P, Zhu K, Qiao H, Zhang J, Meng H, Huang Z, Yu Y, Xie S, Allen E, Xiong J, Zhang B, Chang X, Ren X, Xu Y, Zhou Q, Han S, Jin L , Wei P, Wang CC, Wen S. Ancient genome of the Chinese Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou. Curr Biol. 2024 Apr 8;34(7):1587-1595.e5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.02...
Content:
00:00 Introduction
03:01 Reconstruction of appearance
05:43 Genetic origin
Illustrations:
Deadkid dk commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=138143249
Philg88 commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11900403
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