Condensed Matter Physics - Semiconductors : Intrinsic Semiconductors
The intrinsic semiconductors such as Ge or Si are undoped semiconductors. The electrical conductivity of this type of semiconductor is solely determined by the thermally generated charge carriers. These crystals have diamond like structure. At absolute zero its valence band is completely filled and conduction band is completely empty and therefore it behaves like an insulator at absolute zero. As the temperature is raised electrons in valence band gains thermal energy and excited to the conduction band leaving behind holes in the valence band. When an external electric field is applied the electrons as well as holes move in opposite directions and constitute electric current. The Fermi level of this semiconductor lies at just mid way between the valence band and conduction band and is independent of temperature.
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