The inelastic scattering of a photon by a phonon or sound wave in a crystal may result in the creation or absorption of a phonon. The photon- phonon interaction occurs due to the change in the local concentration of atoms, and hence in the refractive index of the crystal. Conversely, electric field of the light wave induces mechanical variations in the medium and hence affects its elastic properties. The frequency of the created phonon depends on the velocity of the sound wave in the crystal, frequency of the incident photon, refractive index of the crystal and the angle of scattering. The shift in the frequency of the incident photon has been experimentally verified.
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