Sonbhadra: Tribal Groups Lose Livelihood—English Subtitles (Tribal Local Hindi Audio)
Sonbhadra: Tribal Groups Lose Livelihood
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Sonbhadra is one of the most backward district of Uttar Pradesh, in view of economical, social and political aspect. This district ranked 2nd in area, while it ranks 51st in population and 52nd in literacy (64 percent) in the State (census 2011). It is the land of tribal in habitants since the turn of civilization and Gond, Kharwar, Paharia, Agaria, Panika, Patari, Bhuiya, Chero etc. are the prominent tribal groups in this district (census 2011). They are leading a very miserable life due to their social and economical background and the lack of political supports. Socio-economic condition of tribals. The tribal of Sonbhadra district are among the unsettled tribal groups who are too backward to join the main stream of planned and sustainable development and they are unable to retain their distinctive and colorful cultural varieties. Although they are 20.67 percent of total population of the area yet they are forced to live a miserable life. Sonbhadra (also known as Sonebhadra) or Sonanchal is the second largest district by area of Uttar Pradesh after Lakhimpur Kheri. It is the only district in India which borders four states, namely Madhya Pradesh to the west, Chhattishgarh to the south, Jharkhand in the south-east and Bihar to the north-east. The district has an area of 6,788 km2 (2,621 sq mi) and a population of 1,862,559 (2011 census), with a population density of 270 inhabitants per square kilometre (700/sq mi). It lies in the extreme south-east of the state, and is bounded by Mirzapur district to the northwest, Chandauli district to the north, Kaimur and Rohtas districts of Bihar state to the north-east, Garhwa district of Jharkhand state to the east, Balrampur District of Chhattisgarh state to the south, and Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh state to the west. The district headquarters is in the town of Robertsganj. Sonbhadra district is an industrial zone and it has much bauxite, limestone, coal, gold, etc. It is called the "Energy Capital of India" because there are multiple power plants.
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Sonbhadra or Sonanchal is the second largest district by area of Uttar Pradesh after Lakhimpur Kheri. It is the only district in India which borders four states, namely Madhya Pradesh to the west, Chhattishgarh to the south, Jharkhand in the south-east and Bihar to the north-east.
According to the 2011 Census, the total population of Scheduled Tribes is 10.43 crore, accounting for 8.6% of the total population of the country. The Scheduled Tribe population in urban areas accounts for only 2.8% of the total. The states with the most Scheduled Tribes are Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, and Karnataka. These states account for 83.2% of the country’s total Scheduled Tribe population. Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Jammu and Kashmir, Tripura, Mizoram, Bihar, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu make up the remaining 15.3% of the Scheduled Tribe population. The remaining states’ / UTs’ share is insignificant. Lakshadweep and Mizoram have the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribes in India, followed by Nagaland and Meghalaya. Madhya Pradesh has the most scheduled tribes, followed by Orissa. Chattisgarh’s Bastar district has the highest concentration of Scheduled Tribes. Punjab, Delhi, Chandigarh, Pondicherry, and Haryana have no Scheduled Tribes. Seats in the Lok Sabha are reserved for Scheduled Tribes. Census data is also considered in this case. The allocation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha is based on the proportion of Scheduled Tribes in the State concerned to the total population, as provided for in Article 330 of the Indian Constitution read with Section 3 of the R. P. Act, 1950. In the Lok Sabha, 47 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes. The first schedule to the Representation of the People Act, 1950, as amended by the Representation of the People (Amendment) Act, 2008, provides the state-by-state breakdown.
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