Snapping hip, or coxa saltans is a palpable or auditory snapping with movement of the hip joint. Extra-articular snapping is divided into external and internal types, and is caused laterally by the iliotibial band and anteriorly by the iliopsoas tendon
The most common form of coxa saltans is the external extra-articular variety which involves either the posterior iliotibial band or the anterior aspect of the gluteus maximus as they travel over the greater trochanter during hip flexion and extension or internal and external rotation. Usually, thickened portions of the posterior iliotibial band or anterior gluteus maximus tendons snap over the greater trochanter causing the catching or “giving way” sensation and inflammation of the trochanteric bursa eliciting pain (Meng Yen et al., 2015)
Sources of snapping or clicking in the hip may include:
the psoas or iliopsoas tendon
the rectus femoris proximal tendons
the iliotibial band
the gluteus maximus
ischiofemoral impingement
a subluxing proximal hamstring tendon
a chondral (cartilage) flap
a labral tear
a loose body or fragment
lumps in the joint lining - synovial proliferation (e.g.pigmented villonodular synovitis)
synovial folds or plicae (natural folds in the joint lining)
joint cavitation
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