Robert Paul Experimental 35mm motion picture projector (model)
In late 1895 British film pioneer Robert Paul was working on his first 35mm film projector. It probably used a 7-arm cross, electric arc lamp, crank wheel, and had no take-up system. This is an approximate model of what he was experimenting with, which I put together with materials and bits of machinery that I had to hand. After making this video I managed to improve the focus somewhat (the film was flapping about in the primitive gate) and the machine was used for a forthcoming BBC tv documentary. Note that the cross that I used has only 5 arms (not the 7 that RWP used), but this was the closest I could get. Five-arm crosses were used in the 1890s in German projectors. 7-arm crosses were never adopted by the industry, being used for a short period by Paul until he devised a 3-arm cross system. One of Paul's 1896 projectors was purchased by Georges Melies, who converted the mechanism into a camera - his first.
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