Transmission Media In Hindi | Guided and Unguided Media
Transmission media, also known as a communication channel, is the physical path between the sender and receiver through which data bits are transmitted from the source to the destination. In simple words, when data is transferred from one device to another, it is transmitted through a medium or communication channel to reach its destination. This communication channel is referred as transmission media.
Types of Transmission media
1. Guided media or Wired Media or Bounded media
2. Unguided media or Wireless Media or Unbounded media
1. Guided Media:- Transmission media in which the connection between two devices is established through a physical method, such as a cable or wire, is referred to as wired transmission media or guided media. Wired media is also known as bounded media because it has a specific limit. Guided media enables the fast and secure transmission of data over short distances.
Types of Guided Media:-
1. Twisted Pair Cable
2. Coaxial Cable
3. Optical Fibre Cable
1. Twisted Pair Cable:-A Twisted Pair Cable is a type of wire in which two wires are twisted together. This cable contains 4 pairs of wires encased in plastic, with each pair consisting of two wires twisted around each other. Each pair has a distinct color code. Twisted Pair Cable is the most widely used cable in LAN networks. It is of Two Types:-
1. UTP (Unshielded Twisted pair)
2. STP (Shielded Twisted pair)
2. Coaxial Cable:- The Coaxial Cable is made from copper wire. It has insulation on top of the copper wire, and above that, there is a copper mesh made of brass. The data transmission range for this cable is up to 185 meters. Installing Coaxial Cable is easy, but it is quite flexible and relatively fragile, making it more prone to breakage. Coaxial cable is used for Cable TV, analog TV networks, and CCTV applications.
3. Optical Fiber Cable:- The Optical Fiber Cable is the fastest data-
transferring medium. It is made from pure
silica glass and was developed in 1970. Fiber
optic cables have brought revolutionary
changes to the world of the Internet. Today,
all countries are interconnected through the
Internet, where fiber optic cables play a
significant role. Fiber optic cable is an
advanced transmission medium used for high-
speed and long-distance transmission of data.
2. Unguided Media:- Transmission media in which no cable or wire is used for connection between two devices, meaning data is sent wirelessly from one device to another, is called unguided or wireless media. Wireless media is commonly used to send signals in all directions. It broadcasts electromagnetic waves without the use of any physical medium. It does not have any specific range, so it is also called unbounded transmission media. It has three types:-
1. Radio waves
2. Microwaves
3. Infrared
1. Radio Waves:- Generating and using radio signals is very easy. Radio waves are the electromagnetic waves that are transmitted in all the directions of free space. Its frequency range is typically 3KHz to 1GHz. Signals of this type are used in radio and wireless phones.
2. Micro Waves:- This type of signal is used in mobile phone communication and TV networks. The frequency range of microwave signals is up to 1GHz to 300GHz. The range of its signals also depends on the height of the antenna used in it. In microwaves, it is necessary to align the sender and receiver signals properly so that the signal can be transmitted correctly.
3. Infrared Waves:- Infrared waves are used for short distances, but the signal is hindered if there is any obstruction between two devices. The frequency range of infrared waves is up to 300GHz to 400THz. It is used in TV remotes, wireless mouse, keyboard, printer, etc.
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