Overview of Structure & Function of kidney - Physiology Medical animations
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Structure & Function of kidney
Function
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Elimination of waste products
Regulation of electrolytes and water
Regulation of the acid-base physiology
Regulation of blood pressure and blood volume
Hormone synthesis
Erythropoietin (EPO)
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Secreted by peritubular interstitial cells
Function: stimulates erythropoiesis in bone marrow
Regulation
1.Positive feedback: anemia/blood loss, hypoxia
2.Induced by the transcription factor HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)
Calciferol: cells of the proximal convoluted tubule convert 25-OH vitamin D3 → into the active calcitriol 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3
Prostaglandins: maintain renal blood flow via vasodilation of afferent arterioles
Dopamine: cells of the proximal convoluted tubules secrete dopamine → helps maintain renal blood flow via vasodilation of interlobular arteries, afferent arterioles, and efferent arterioles
Participate in gluconeogenesis (glutamine and glutamate) and ketogenesis
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