Semi Natural Ecosystem | Nature | NSS IIT Bombay | 2022
Semi Natural Ecosystem | Nature | NSS IIT Bombay | 2022
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"Natural ecosystem" means an ecosystem not perceptibly altered by humans. "Semi-natural ecosystem" means an ecosystem that has been altered by human actions, but which retains significant native elements. An artificial ecosystem is a man-made system of plants, animals, and people living in an area together with their surroundings.
Semi-natural ecosystems may range from unaltered species composition to just using the natural background soil and/or water by man. In the strictest sense, the species composition is unaltered by man - no species introduced or planted by man. Soil and water management are unaltered, but man has to a limited extent influenced the natural processes, for example by taking over the role of natural grazing through extensive mowing or by taking over the role of great predators by fishing in great waters.
These ecosystems do occur also in natural situations, but then they are limited to areas where natural grazing, erosion by rivers or streams, reverse the natural succession to earlier stages or prevent the natural succession. These ecosystems are rather complex (different trophic levels are still present) and can be very rich in species numbers if the human use has been stable for many years. Almost all ecosystems resulting from “traditional“ forms of agricultural land use as steppes, puszta's and wooded meadows fall in this category. In figure-2, Arnica Montana (a grass) is seen growing well on the mountain slopes with human agency.
In these situations, there is a high degree of sustainable use. Sustainable use means the use of an organism, ecosystem or another renewable resource at a rate within its capacity for renewal.
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