4 Weeks
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At four weeks of pregnancy, the blastocyst has embedded in the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) [1]. Shortly after implantation, the blastocyst starts developing into an embryo [2]. The baby is considered an embryo until eleven weeks of pregnancy.
The blastocyst cells form layers that are developing into the embryo, yolk sac, and the future amniotic sac and placenta [2]. The yolk sac will temporarily nourish the embryo until the placenta develops. Despite the yolk sac’s name, human yolk sacs contain no yolk [1]!
This embryonic growth marks the beginning of the baby’s development and leads to the production of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) [2].
Home pregnancy tests use hCG, which is excreted in one's urine, to detect pregnancy. These tests may be able to detect a pregnancy at four weeks. For most people, the first sign of pregnancy is a missed period.
References:
1. Moore KL, Persaud TVN, Torchia MG. The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2016.
2. Betts JG, Young KA, Wise JA, Johnson E, Poe B, Kruse DH, et al. 28.2 Embryonic Development. Anatomy & Physiology. Houston: OpenStax; 2013.
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Produced and written by: Samantha Lattof, PhD MSc
Medically reviewed by: Ayodeji Olalekan Abere, MD MBA MHA
Animation by: SciePro / Pond5
Music by: audiomarket / Pond5
Narration by: Ava at Wellsaid
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