Windows 11: Repair Component Store Corruption using DISM [2023 UPDATE]
Windows 11 includes a nifty command-line utility known as Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool (DISM).
The utility can be used to repair and prepare Windows images, including the Windows Recovery Environment, Windows Setup, and Windows PE. Also, DISM can be used to fix the recovery image within an installation of the operating system and even to service a virtual hard disk.
If your computer begins to feel buggy and you notice problems during boot, you can use the System File Checker (SFC) command-line utility to check the integrity and replace any corrupted or missing protected system files with a known good version.
When SFC is unable to fix the problem, chances are the utility was unable to get the necessary files from the Windows image, which might have become broken. In this situation, you can use DISM to repair the Windows image (.wim), which then it will allow you to use the System File Checker to fix any issue with your Windows 11 installation.
In this Windows 11 guide, I'll walk you through the steps to use the DISM tool to help you get your system back to a healthy state.
HOW TO RUN DISM COMMANDS TO FIX WINDOWS OS
There are three main options you can use with DISM to repair the Windows image on your computer, including CheckHealth, ScanHealth, and RestoreHealth -- and you want to use them in this order.
1) Using DISM with the CheckHealth option
Use the DISM command with the /CheckHealth switch to verify whether any corruption has been detected. This command can only be used to see if corruption exists, but it doesn't perform any repairs.
To run the command do the following:
1. Run Command Prompt as an Administrator
2. Type the following command: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
2) Using DISM with the ScanHealth option
Use the DISM command with the /ScanHealth switch to scan the Windows image for any corruption. Unlike the /CheckHealth, the /ScanHealth switch can take up to 10 minutes to complete the process.
To run the command do the following:
1. Run Command Prompt as an Administrator
2. Type the following command: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
3) Using DISM with the RestoreHealth option
Use the DISM command with the /RestoreHealth switch to scan the Windows image for any corruption and to perform a repair automatically. Unlike the /ScanHealth switch, the /RestoreHealth switch can take up to 20 minutes to complete the process.
To run the command do the following:
1. Run Command Prompt as an Administrator
2. Type the following command: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth
NOTE: While running DISM using the /RestoreHealth or /ScanHealth, you will notice the process will seem stuck at 20% or 40%, but it's normal behavior. After a few minutes, the operation will finish as expected.
When you run the command mentioned above, DISM will try to use Windows Update to replace the damaged files.
4) Cleaning up the Windows Component Store folder (WinSxS)
On Windows 11, "WinSxS" (Windows Side by Side) is an essential folder within the "Windows" folder, which contains most of the components to customize and update the current installation. For instance, inside the WinSxS folder are located the files to add or remove features, switch editions, recover damaged or missing system files, and pretty much everything else that makes up the OS.
Also, when installing quality updates, the new components will store in the WinSxS folder as well as the previous version of the components in the case rolling back to an earlier build is necessary to remove a problematic update. As a result, over time, the folder will continue to increase its size without a set limit.
If you want to clean up the WinSxS folder with Command Prompt, you'll have to use the Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM) tool in a two-step process. You first want to determine the actual size of the folder on the drive, and then you need to run the command to delete the files wasting space.
Checking WinSxS folder size
To determine the actual size of the WinSxS folder, use these steps:
1. Open Start.
2. Search for Command Prompt, right-click the top result, and select the Run as administrator option.
3. Type the following command to determine the size of the WinSxS folder and press Enter: Dism.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /AnalyzeComponentStore
Confirm the reported size of the component store to see how much space the WinSxS folder is taking.
Cleaning up WinSxS folder
To reduce the size of the WinSxS folder using Command Prompt, use these steps:
1. Open Start.
2. Search for Command Prompt, right-click the top result, and select the Run as administrator option.
3. Type the following command to determine the size of the WinSxS folder and press Enter: Dism.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
Hopefully, some of these methods will fix your Windows errors :)
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