Slavicization of the Uralic speakers Volga-Oka interfluve. Languages & genes from Iron Age to Slavs
In the history of mankind, the spread of languages was often accompanied by migrations, but people could switch to other languages almost without migrations and, accordingly, without genetic changes. And vice versa, to mix without language changes. Thus, conclusions about past contacts of the population, based either on the current distribution of languages, or only on components of genetic origin, can be misleading. Nevertheless, studies of ancient DNA allow us to directly observe changes in the gene pools of populations in time and space, revealing connections between genetic, archaeological and linguistic data.
The Volga-Oka interfluve has an intriguing history of population influx and language change. Currently, most of the inhabitants of the region speak Russian, but before the Middle Ages, the north-west of Russia was inhabited by Ural-speaking peoples. And the gradual transition to Slavic languages began in the second half of the first millennium AD, with the expansion of Slavic tribes, as a result of which the state of Kievan Rus was founded at the end of the IX century AD. Medieval Rus was multicultural and multilingual. But after the baptism of Rus and the spread of Cyrillic writing in the X-XI centuries, the influence and attractiveness of the Slavic Mzyk increased, which led to a shift from the Uralic to Slavic. At the same time, despite the replacement of the language, modern Russians of the north-western regions demonstrate a clear proximity to their Ural-speaking neighbors, which suggests a genetic contribution from these previous populations.
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A source:
Genetic admixture and language shift in the medieval Volga-Oka interfluve
Sanni Peltola, Kerttu Majander, Nikolaj Makarov et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.11...
Content:
00:00 Introduction
05:20 Genetic shift in the Volga-Oka interfluve during the transition from the Iron Age to the Middle Ages
07:37 Isotope analysis
08:16 Clusters
09:18 Populations of the Volga region of the Iron Age and the ancient Siberian pedigree
12:22 Populations of Central Russia formed as a product of local admixture
15:54 Unique pedigree of individual representatives of the medieval Suzdal Opole
20:01 Parallel distribution of genes and languages in the Volga-Oka interfluve
22:40 Conclusions
Illustrations:
commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid =(number from the list)
Ludvig14 - 10964258, 95680785, 45920714, 82107012, 62517589
Alexander Tsirlin. own work partially based on OpenStreetMap.org, 22748320
Mike1979 Russia-110739751
Alexander Baidukov - 94898930
Alexxx1979-94184859, 54490200
Alexey Seregin-23,497,030
Voevoda-21,472,943
Irina Mit - 100977473, 100977432
Check. 39480064
Alexander Travin-95,189,628
Pekka Tamminen-41,444,660
Viktor Tulbanov-69,056,836
Lobachev Vladimir - Gusli_1.jpg, 77409687
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