Basques - origin, originality and heterogeneity. Basque history
The #Basques are a very interesting ethnic group in Southern Europe, whose representatives were distributed along the western edge of the Pyrenees, encompassing what is now Spanish and French territories. They are currently grouped in seven provinces: Guipuzcoa, Vizcaya, Alava and Navarra on the southern side of the Pyrenees and Suberoa, Labourdan and Lower Navarre on the northern side.
The Basques stand out for their historical, anthropological and biological characteristics, which highlight their uniqueness and isolation in a European context. A special place in these differences is occupied by the preserved unique pre-Indo-European - Basque ergative language (#euskara). This language with its dialects is not closely related to any other language that has come down to us.
In the new study, the scientists used a robust design for the entire genome, and more accurate haplotype-based methods, to identify fine genetic structure and contaminant variants, thus unraveling the controversial Basque population history, including their uniqueness, origin, and genetic makeup. 1970 samples were used in the new study, 190 of them are new from 18 microgeographic regions of the Franco-Cantabrian region of Spain and France, including the Basques and Peribasci.
#history #genetics #science #DNA
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Content:
00:00 Introduction
03:38 Distinctive features of the Basques in the European Mediterranean landscape
07:06 Inbreeding and the effective size of the Basque population
08:10 Genetic uniqueness of the Basques and processes after the Iron Age
09:58 Inhomogeneous genetic structure in the inhabitants of the Franco-Cantabrian region
11:33 Results
A source:
Genetic origins, singularity, and heterogeneity of Basques
André Flores-Bello, Frédéric Bauduer, Jasone Salaberria, Bernard Oyharçabal, Francesc Calafell, Jaume Bertranpetit, Lluis Quintana-Murci, David Comas.
Current Biology,
2021, ISSN 0960-9822,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.03....
Supporting materials:
The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years
Iñigo Olalde, Swapan Mallick, Nick Patterson, Nadin Rohland, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Marina Silva
Science 15 Mar 2019:
Vol. 363, Issue 6432, pp. 1230-1234
DOI: 10.1126 / science.aav4040
Bycroft, C., Fernandez-Rozadilla, C., Ruiz-Ponte, C. et al. Patterns of genetic differentiation and the footprints of historical migrations in the Iberian Peninsula. Nat Commun 10, 551 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08...
Lawson DJ, Hellenthal G, Myers S, Falush D (2012) Inference of Population Structure using Dense Haplotype Data. PLoS Genet 8 (1): e1002453. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen....
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