SMRT | Single Molecule Real Time sequencing
SMRT sequencing stands for single molecule real time sequencing.
It is a unique sequencing method, that uses zero mode wave guide for sequencing process. Zero mode wave guide (ZMW) is a phenomenon in which light traveling through a pin hole (having diameter less than the wavelength of light) fails to pass through the pin hole. However some portion of electromagnetic energy still exist in small volume near the pin hole. This is known as Zero mode wave-guide. For sequencing purpose the DNA polymerase is immobilized on glass surface near the pin hole. The nucleotides are attached with fluorescence probe. Only those nucleotides that comes under zero mode wave-guide gives fluorescence. This happens when the DNA polymerase tries to add nucleotides on the template DNA.
The color of fluorescence signal gives information about the nucleotide added. As the sequencing here is done in real time manner, this technique is classified under Third generation DNA sequencing method.
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