Cholera – Symptoms, Causes, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Prevention & Vaccine
Cholera – Symptoms, Causes, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Prevention & Vaccine
Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria, spreading through contaminated water and food in areas with poor sanitation. Symptoms include watery diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, muscle cramps, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure. Risk factors include poor hygiene, natural disasters, unsafe water sources, and certain occupations. The pathogenesis involves bacterial ingestion, colonization of the small intestine, and toxin production leading to fluid loss. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and stool sample analysis. Treatment involves fluid replacement, antibiotics, zinc supplementation, and nutritional support. Complications include dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, shock, renal failure, metabolic acidosis, and secondary infections. Prevention strategies include vaccination, improved sanitation, hygiene education, and food safety measures.
#Cholera #Choleratoxin #Vibriocholera #cholerainfection #choleraillness #Cholerasymptoms #Choleradiagnosis #Choleratreatment
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