python change variable inside function
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title: python: changing variables inside functions - a comprehensive tutorial
introduction:
in python, understanding how variables work inside functions is crucial for writing efficient and bug-free code. this tutorial will cover the different aspects of changing variables within functions, including local and global scopes, passing by value and reference, and the use of the global keyword.
local and global scopes:
python has two types of variable scopes - local and global. a local variable is defined within a function and is only accessible within that function. a global variable is defined outside any function and can be accessed throughout the entire script.
passing by value vs. passing by reference:
in python, arguments are passed by object reference. when a variable is passed to a function, the function receives a reference to the object, not a copy of the object. however, whether changes to the object persist outside the function depends on whether the object is mutable or immutable.
using the global keyword:
to modify a global variable from within a function, you need to use the global keyword. this explicitly tells python that the variable being modified is a global variable, not a local one.
conclusion:
understanding how variables behave inside functions in python is essential for writing robust and maintainable code. by grasping the concepts of local and global scopes, passing by value and reference, and using the global keyword when necessary, you'll be better equipped to handle variable modifications in your python programs.
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