PICTOGRAM - Dritan Coku "Gjurmë të një Sinagoge në Kalanë e Beratit"
Traces of a Synagogue in the Castle of Berat. -
The spread, survival, and future of Christianity are partially explained with the fact that Jesus was Hebrew. The Hebrews had developed a unique religious tradition. Christianity would absorb many of its ideas. From the organizational point of view, the Hebrews left the early Christians rich contributions such as the ritual to privately assemble in special buildings called synagogues, where they read sacred scriptures and later listened to discussions about their meanings. It was in these synagogues that the Christians first started their organization. In his monographic study "Jews in Albania, their presence and rescue" Prof. Dr. Shaban Sinani writes that contrary to what is thought, the historic cultural relations between the Albanians and the Jewish people go as far back as the antiquity. Traces of these relations have been preserved in archaeology, ethnology, beliefs and rites, histories and chronicles, and most of all in archives.
Crucial to the analysis explained below is the fact that in Berat there were three periods of time when there were large groups of Jewish people: The Romanian Jews, the Sephardim Jews and the Ashkenazi Jews. I have had the chance to participate in several expeditions aiming to closely investigate the condition of the monuments in the District of Berat, to electronically catalogue, photograph and sketch them. In my work I have appreciated and have documented the old traces and proofs: the collection of many archeological and artistic elements from the interiors and exteriors of folk buildings, characteristic genres of Berat houses, and Christian and Muslim religious objects. I have sketched, studied and inspected these elements conducting a deep analysis. One of these elements is the mosaic, which had a wide use especially in the cities marked by major construction activity. The research and investigation has enabled me to analyze the symbols and the motifs used in the mosaic of the church of Saint Constantine and Helen in which can be clearly detected the star of David configured twice, the six petals of the lily (Shoshanna) and the cult of the Jewish numbers. These make us believe that the mosaic, today part of the interior of the church of Saint Constantine and Helen, belonged to a synagogue that existed prior to the church. We think that a transformation has taken place and a Jewish religious object was converted into a Christian Orthodox one.
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