Free Will - Debunked
This is Free Will – Debunked.
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References:
1. My discussion on free will with Alex O’Connor (Cosmic Skeptic): • Everyday Life Without Free Will - Ale...
2. Harris S, 2012. Free Will: https://www.samharris.org/free-will
3. An excellent lecture on free will by Sam Harris: • Video
4. Libet B, 1983. “The onset of cerebral activity clearly preceded by at least several hundred milliseconds the reported time of conscious intention to act.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6...
5. Soon CS, 2008. “We found that the outcome of a decision can be encoded in brain activity of prefrontal and parietal cortex up to 10 s before it enters awareness. This delay presumably reflects the operation of a network of high-level control areas that begin to prepare an upcoming decision long before it enters awareness.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1...
6. Bode S, 2011. “We demonstrated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that the outcome of free decisions can be decoded from brain activity several seconds before reaching conscious awareness.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
7. Fried I, 2011. “We report progressive neuronal recruitment over ∼1500 ms before subjects report making the decision to move.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...
8. Tokdemir M, 2009. “Depressed zinc levels increase copper levels, and elevated copper levels lead to hyperactivity and schizophrenia.” http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10...
9. Nahla Hwalla, 2017. “The WHO identifies particularly deficient and/or inadequate intakes or status of calcium, iodine, iron, and zinc as well as vitamin A, vitamin D, and folate as commonly reported by many countries in the Middle East.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
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As always, thank you kindly for the view, and I hope that this video helps you respond to those who assert that we have free will. Stay rational my fellow apes.
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