Nasal Anatomy (Cartilage, Nasal Cavity, Sinuses, Meatuses, Nasal Mucosa)
Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:50 External Anatomy of the Nose
3:00 Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity
4:08 Olfactory Part
4:47 Respiratory Part
5:50 Sinuses and Meatuses
7:47 Nasal Mucosa
9:53 Sinusitis
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External Structures of the Nose:
Root of the Nose (Radix Nasi)
Dorsum of Nose (Dorsum Nasi)
Apex of Nose (Apex Nasi)
Ala of Nose / Wing of nose (Ala Nasi)
Nostrils (Nares)
Nasal Cartilage:
Nasal Bones (Os Nasale Dextrum/Sinistrum)
Lateral Nasal Cartilages (Cartilago Nasi Lateralis)
Accessory Nasal Cartilage (Cartilagines Nasales Accessoriae)
Major Alar Cartilage (Cartilagines Alares Major)
Minor Alar Cartilage (Cartilagines Alares Minores)
Septal Nasal Cartilage (Cartilago Septi Nasi)
Alar Fibrofatty Tissue (Tela Fibroadiposus Alaris)
Bony Septal Part (Pars Ossea)
Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity:
In front of pharynx, above the palate
Nasal Vestibule (vestibulum nasi)
Nasal Cavity Proper (Cavitas Nasi Proprium)
Limen Nasi
Nasal Cavity Proper:
Olfactory Part (Pars Olfactoria)
Respiratory Part (Pars Respiratoria)
Olfactory Part (Pars Olfactoria)
Olfactory Tract (Tractus Olfactorius)
Olfactory Bulb (Bulbus Olfactorius)
Olfactory Nerves (Fila Olfactoria)
Respiratory Part (Pars Respiratoria)
Choanae / Turbinates
Superior Conchae (Superior Turbinate)
Middle Conchae (Middle Turbinate)
Inferior Conchae (Inferior Turbinate)
Superior Meatus
Middle Meatus
Inferior Meatus
Spheno-Ethmoidal Recess
Sinuses and Meatuses:
Sphenoid Sinus opens into sphenoethmoidal recess
Frontal Sinus open into Middle Meatus
Ethmoidal Sinus
○ Anterior Ethmoidal Air cells and Middle Ethmoidal Air Cells to Middle Meatus
○ Posterior Ethmoidal Air Cells open into Superior Meatus
Maxillary Sinus open into Middle Meatus
Nasolacrimal Duct open into Inferior Meatus
Function of Sinuses:
○ Decrease relative mass of the skull
○ Resonance
○ Humidification and warm-up inhaled air
○ Make Mucus to keep the nose from drying out
Nasal Mucosa:
Olfactory Mucosa:
○ Olfactory Epithelium
○ Sustentacular Cells (Covid-19 damages these cells causing loss of smell)
○ Basal Cells
○ Tela submucosa contains olfactory glands (Bowmans glands)
Respiratory Mucosa:
○ Respiratory Epithelium (Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium)
○ Goblet Cells
○ Cilia
○ Tela Submucosa contain mixed mucus glands
Sinusitis
Increase mucus in the sinuses that may block them
May be caused by:
○ Common Cold
○ Allergic Rhinitis
○ Nasal Polyps
○ Deviated Septum
Sources used in this video:
Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
Complete Aanatomy by 3d4medical
Biorender
University notes and lectures
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