Angle modulation Techniques introduction (FM&PM)(EC8491-CT-UNIT-2)
UNIT I AMPLITUDE MODULATION (9)
Amplitude Modulation- DSBSC, DSBFC, SSB, VSB - Modulation index, Spectra, Power relations and Bandwidth -
AM Generation – Square law and Switching modulator, DSBSC Generation – Balanced and Ring Modulator, SSB
Generation – Filter, Phase Shift and Third Methods, VSB Generation – Filter Method, Hilbert Transform,
Pre-envelope & complex envelope –comparison of different AM techniques, Superheterodyne Receiver
UNIT II ANGLE MODULATION (9)
Phase and frequency modulation, Narrow Band and Wide band FM – Modulation index, Spectra, Power relations
and Transmission Bandwidth - FM modulation –Direct and Indirect methods, FM Demodulation – FM to AM
conversion, FM Discriminator - PLL as FM Demodulator.
UNIT III RANDOM PROCESS (9)
Random variables, Random Process, Stationary Processes, Mean, Correlation & Covariance functions, Power
Spectral Density, Ergodic Processes, Gaussian Process, Transmission of a Random Process through a LTI filter.
UNIT IV NOISE CHARACTERIZATION (9)
Noise sources – Noise figure, noise temperature and noise bandwidth – Noise in cascaded systems. Representation
of Narrow band noise –In-phase and quadrature, Envelope and Phase – Noise performance analysis in AM & FM
systems – Threshold effect, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis for FM.
UNIT V SAMPLING & QUANTIZATION (9)
Low pass sampling – Aliasing- Signal Reconstruction-Quantization - Uniform & non-uniform quantization -
quantization noise - Logarithmic Companding –PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM – TDM, FDM.
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