Full History of Italy in 5 Minutes
History of Italy
This video presents a brief history of Italy, a boot-shaped country located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea.
Chapter:
00:00 Introduction
00:27 Early History
02:18 Italian Renaissance and Unification
03:26 Liberal Italy
04:15 Fascist Italy
05:25 Italian Republic
From the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD, Italy was home to various ancient tribes.
In 753 BC, the Roman Kingdom was formed with the foundation of Rome city.
In 509 BC, the last king was overthrown by the Romans, establishing the Roman Republic. The next centuries witnessed the Roman expansion in Italy and conquest of Western Europe, Northern Africa, and the Middle East.
After the assassination of the Roman dictator, Julius Caesar, the Roman Republic collapsed, leading to the rise of the Roman Empire in 27 BC.
In 395 AD, the empire split in two: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire, or the Byzantine Empire.
In 476 AD, the Western Roman Empire collapsed after its last emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was deposed by the Germanic barbarian chief Odoacer.
Odoacer then established the Kingdom of Italy, declaring himself its first king.
By the late Middle Ages, Italy was divided into small independent kingdoms and feuding city-states which paved the way for the Renaissance in Italy.
By the end of the 15th century, Italy and its city-states suffered from foreign domination, characterized by the Italian Wars which ended with the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis.
During the Napoleonic Bonaparte era, Italy was invaded by France, and the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy was formed.
The Congress of Vienna brought the situation back to that of 1795. In 1861, Italy gained almost entire unification.
In 1866, Italy, in alliance with Prussia, invaded Austria and annexed Veneto. Four years after that, Italy took over Rome and the Papal States, completing Italian unification.
In 1915, after signing the Treaty of London, Italy joined the Allied Powers in World War I against the Central Powers.
In the next few years, Italy’s economic crisis and social turmoil paved the way for the rise of the Italian fascist dictatorship in 1922.
Following the March on Rome, Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party rose to power, with the desire to restore and expand the Italian territories.
During World War II, Italy joined on the Axis side and against the Allies. In July 1943, following the Allied invasion of Sicily, Mussolini was deposed and arrested.
Later that year, the Armistice of Cassibile was signed, resulting in Italy joining the Allies. Soon after that, Germany occupied Northern and Central Italy, freed Mussolini, and set up a puppet state called the Italian Social Republic.
In late April 1945, Mussolini was captured and executed. The following month, the German forces in Italy surrendered, and one week later marked the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany and the end of WWII in Europe.
In 1946, following a referendum, the monarchy was abolished, leading to the formation of an Italian Republic.
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