Spanish conquest of the Maya | Wikipedia audio article
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Spanish conquest of the Maya
00:02:50 1 Geography
00:06:17 2 Maya region before the conquest
00:06:39 2.1 Yucatán
00:09:34 2.2 Maya Highlands
00:10:59 2.3 Pacific lowlands
00:11:33 3 Background to the conquest
00:12:30 4 Weaponry, strategies and tactics
00:14:03 4.1 Spanish weapons and tactics
00:16:18 4.2 Native weapons and tactics
00:18:03 5 Impact of Old World diseases
00:20:51 6 First encounters: 1502 and 1511
00:23:00 7 Exploration of the Yucatán coast, 1517–1519
00:23:13 7.1 Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, 1517
00:26:39 7.2 Juan de Grijalva, 1518
00:28:43 7.3 Hernán Cortés, 1519
00:30:36 8 Preparations for conquest of the Highlands, 1522–1523
00:31:41 9 Soconusco, 1523–1524
00:32:50 10 Hernán Cortés in the Maya lowlands, 1524–25
00:35:12 11 Fringes of empire: Belize, 16th–17th centuries
00:36:14 12 Conquest of the Maya Highlands, 1524–1526
00:36:27 12.1 Subjugation of the K'iche', 1524
00:39:21 12.2 Kaqchikel alliance and conquest of the Tz'utujil, 1524
00:41:32 12.3 Reconnaissance of the Chiapas Highlands, 1524
00:43:30 12.4 Kaqchikel rebellion, 1524–1530
00:44:41 12.5 Siege of Zaculeu, 1525
00:47:06 12.6 Pedro de Alvarado in the Chiapas Highlands, 1525
00:48:05 12.7 Central and eastern Guatemalan Highlands, 1525–1532
00:51:00 13 Francisco de Montejo in Yucatán, 1527–28
00:54:39 14 Conquest of the Chiapas Highlands, 1527–1547
00:56:19 14.1 Diego Mazariegos, 1528
00:58:46 14.2 Rebellion in the Chiapas Highlands, 1528
01:00:46 14.3 Founding of Ciudad Real, Chiapa, 1531–1535
01:02:21 14.4 Establishment of the Dominicans in Chiapa, 1545–1547
01:04:03 15 Francisco de Montejo and Alonso d'Avila, Yucatán 1531–35
01:08:01 15.1 Conflict at Champoton
01:08:58 16 San Marcos: Province of Tecusitlán and Lacandón, 1533
01:09:49 17 Campaigns in the Cuchumatanes and Lacandon Forest
01:10:42 17.1 Eastern Cuchumatanes, 1529–1530
01:13:19 17.2 Western Cuchumatanes and Lacandon Forest, 1529–1686
01:16:22 17.3 Conquest of the Lakandon, 1695–1696
01:18:20 18 Land of War: Verapaz, 1537–1555
01:21:06 19 Conquest and settlement in northern Yucatán, 1540–46
01:24:35 20 Southern lowlands, 1618–97
01:25:16 20.1 Early 17th century
01:28:18 20.2 Late 17th century
01:31:12 20.2.1 Franciscan expeditions, September 1695 – January 1696
01:32:44 20.2.2 February–March 1696
01:34:30 20.2.3 Assault on Nojpetén
01:36:01 21 Final years of conquest
01:38:08 22 Legacy of the Spanish conquest
01:39:45 23 Historical sources
01:43:41 24 Notes
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SUMMARY
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The Spanish conquest of the Maya was a protracted conflict during the Spanish colonisation of the Americas, in which the Spanish conquistadores and their allies gradually incorporated the territory of the Late Postclassic Maya states and polities into the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain. The Maya occupied a territory that is now incorporated into the modern countries of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador; the conquest began in the early 16th century and is generally considered to have ended in 1697.
The conquest of the Maya was hindered by their politically fragmented state. Spanish and native tactics and technology differed greatly. The Spanish engaged in a strategy of concentrating native populations in newly founded colonial towns; they viewed the taking of prisoners as a hindrance to outright victory, whereas the Maya prioritised the capture of live prisoners and of booty. Among the Maya, ambush was a favoured tactic; in response to the use of Spanish cavalry, the highland Maya took to digging pits and lining them with wooden stakes. Native resistance to the new nucleated settlements took the form of the flight into inaccessible regions such as the forest or joining neighbouring Maya groups that had not yet submitted to the European conquerors. Spanish weaponry included broadswords, rapiers, lances, pikes, halberds, crossbows, matchlocks and light artillery. Maya warriors fought with flint-tipp ...
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