Precoding in Wireless Communication
Precoding is a generalization of beam forming to support multi-stream (or multi-layer) transmission in multi-antenna wireless communications.
In conventional single-stream beamforming, the same signal is emitted from each of the transmit antennas with appropriate weighting (phase and gain) such that the signal power is maximized at the receiver output.
When the receiver has multiple antennas, single-stream beamforming cannot simultaneously maximize the signal level at all of the receive antennas.
In point-to-point systems, precoding means that multiple data streams are emitted from the transmit antennas with independent and appropriate weightings such that the link throughput is maximized at the receiver output.
In multi-User MIMO, the data streams are intended for different users (known as SDMA) and some measure of the total throughput.
In Multiuser MIMO systems it produces high capacity with space division multiple access.
The channel state information if available at Base station (BS) or Access Point (AP),
then Multiuser interference (MUI) can be suppressed.
Precoding allows to perform many complex processing at BS or AP.
It helps simplification at users end.
The linear precoding technique reduces computational complexities, when compared to non-linear techniques.
MIMO Technique gives performance and bandwidth efficiency.
In downlink the BS or an AP is provided with multiple antennas and transmits to a group of mobile users simultaneously.
The precoding used in MIMO are classified with the amount of multiuser interference (MUI) that they allow.
Compared to linear precoding the non-linear precoding techniques provides higher capacity.
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