What is Native VLAN
The Native VLAN is simply the one VLAN which traverses a Trunk port without a VLAN tag. In short, the native VLAN is a way of carrying untagged traffic across one or more switches.
When two switches are connected via trunk ports, and the native VLAN between the two does not match, the switch logs an error like this:
%CDP-4-NATIVE_VLAN_MISMATCH: Native VLAN mismatch discovered on Ethernet0/0 (7), with IOU2 Ethernet0/0 (1).
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An Access port (or “untagged port” in the non Cisco world) is a switch port which carries traffic for only one VLAN.
A Trunk port (or “tagged port” in the non Cisco world) is a switch port which carries traffic for multiple VLANs.
When frames traverse a Trunk port, a VLAN tag is added to distinguish which frames belong to which VLANs.
Access ports do not require a VLAN tag, since all incoming and outgoing frames belong to a single VLAN.
Basic switches, called ‘unmanaged switches’ have only simple functionality. They have no configurable VLAN support. This means that all hosts on the switch are still part of the same broadcast domain.
Managed switches allow for traffic separation by using VLANs. While managed switches are common today, unmanaged switches are still plentiful.
VLAN: Virtual Local Area Network reduce the broadcast domain and separate the LAN into different subnet.
VLANs can be used to partition a local network into several distinctive segments, for instance:
-Production
-Server Farm
-Voice over IP
-Network management
-Storage area network (SAN)
-Guest Internet access
-Demilitarized zone (DMZ)
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