What does a capacitor do?
In this video, I'm connecting a circuit with an LED and a resistor. To show you exactly what a capacitor does.
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When I connect the plus and the minus from the battery, the LED lights up.
Nothing magical here.
And in the exact moment when I disconnect the power, the LED turns off.
Next, I'm connecting a capacitor.
I connect it across the LED and the resistor.
Then I reconnect the power, and the LED lights up again.
But take a look at what happens when I disconnect the power:
The LED stays on!
And after a few seconds, you can see it fading out.
This is because the capacitor is kinda like a tiny battery.
When I connected the power, it charged up.
Then when I disconnected the power, it started using its stored energy to keep the LED on.
This is very useful to make for example a time delay in a circuit.
Or to make filters.
If you have no idea what a filter is, here's a simple one:
Imagine a terrible battery that for some reasons keeps turning the voltage on and off every second.
Without the capacitor, the LED would be blinking.
But with the capacitor, you'll filter out the OFF periods and get an LED that is always on.
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