In grammar, sentences are made up of two main parts: the subject and the predicate. Understanding these components is key to grasping the structure of sentences.
Subject: The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something. It usually answers the questions "who?" or "what?" before the verb.
*Examples:*
*The cat* is sleeping.
*John* loves reading.
*My new car* is very fast.
In these sentences, "The cat," "John," and "My new car" are the subjects because they are the ones doing the action or being described.
Predicate: The predicate of a sentence tells something about the subject. It includes the verb and all the words that tell what happened in the sentence. The predicate provides information about what the subject is doing or the state of the subject.
*Examples:*
The cat **is sleeping**.
John **loves reading**.
My new car **is very fast**.
In these sentences, "is sleeping," "loves reading," and "is very fast" are the predicates because they describe what the subject is doing or its condition.
Complete and Simple Subjects and Predicates:
*Complete Subject:* Includes all the words that tell who or what the subject is.
*The big, furry cat* is sleeping.
*Simple Subject:* The main word in the complete subject.
The big, furry *cat* is sleeping.
*Complete Predicate:* Includes all the words that tell what the subject is doing or what is happening to the subject.
The cat **is sleeping on the sofa**.
*Simple Predicate:* The main verb or verb phrase in the complete predicate.
The cat *is sleeping* on the sofa.
Examples
1. *The dog* (subject) *barked loudly* (predicate).
2. *Sara* (subject) *is studying for her exams* (predicate).
3. *The books on the shelf* (subject) *are covered in dust* (predicate).
Understanding the subject and predicate helps in analyzing and constructing sentences effectively.
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