Stridor 🗣️ 🔊 : ENT Lectures
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*Stridor* 🗣️ 🔊 is a high-pitched, wheezing sound resulting from turbulent airflow in the upper airway, typically heard during inspiration, and is a key clinical sign of airway obstruction. Stridor can occur at various levels of the airway, including the larynx, trachea, and bronchi, and it is important to differentiate it from other abnormal breath sounds like wheezing (which occurs in the lower airways). Common causes of stridor include conditions like croup (laryngotracheobronchitis), epiglottitis, laryngeal edema, foreign body aspiration, and congenital abnormalities like laryngomalacia. The severity of stridor depends on the degree of airway narrowing and can range from mild to life-threatening if complete airway obstruction occurs.
Key Clinical Features :
Inspiratory Stridor : Suggests obstruction at or above the vocal cords.
Expiratory Stridor : Indicates obstruction within the trachea or bronchi.
Biphasic Stridor : Suggests a subglottic or glottic obstruction.
Management of stridor :
Management of stridor involves a thorough clinical evaluation, including history and physical examination, flexible laryngoscopy, and imaging if necessary. Treatment is directed at the underlying cause and may include nebulized epinephrine, corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, or urgent airway management with intubation or surgical intervention if the airway is critically compromised.
Recognizing stridor early and understanding its causes are essential skills in ENT practice to ensure prompt and effective treatment, preventing potential complications such as respiratory distress. 🏥👩⚕️🔬
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