Wahhabism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Wahhabism
00:04:22 1 Definitions and etymology
00:04:32 1.1 Definitions
00:08:09 1.2 Etymology
00:08:34 1.3 Naming controversy: Wahhabis, Muwahhidun, and Salafis
00:12:02 1.4 Wahhabis and Salafis
00:14:17 2 History
00:16:20 2.1 Muhammad ibn Abd-al-Wahhab
00:17:52 2.2 Alliance with the House of Saud
00:22:20 2.3 Abdul-Aziz Ibn Saud
00:25:31 2.4 Connection with the outside
00:30:29 2.5 Growth
00:31:45 2.6 Petroleum export era
00:32:53 2.7 Afghanistan jihad
00:34:39 2.8 "Erosion" of Wahhabism
00:34:49 2.8.1 Islamic Revolution in Iran
00:36:04 2.8.2 Grand Mosque seizure
00:37:55 2.8.3 1990 Gulf War
00:39:18 2.8.4 After 9/11
00:42:30 2.8.5 Muhammad bin Salman
00:44:10 2.9 Memoirs of Mr. Hempher
00:44:54 3 Practices
00:46:05 3.1 Commanding right and forbidding wrong
00:52:16 3.2 Appearance
00:53:23 3.3 Wahhabiyya mission
00:54:00 3.4 Regions
00:55:25 4 Views
00:56:31 4.1 Theology
01:01:32 4.2 Jurisprudence (ifiqh/i)
01:04:24 4.3 Loyalty and disassociation
01:05:53 4.4 Politics
01:08:54 5 Population
01:09:40 6 Notable leaders
01:12:14 7 International influence and propagation
01:12:25 7.1 Explanation for influence
01:14:17 7.2 Funding factor
01:15:57 7.3 Militant and political Islam
01:18:54 8 Criticism and controversy
01:19:04 8.1 Criticism by other Muslims
01:21:43 8.2 Initial opposition
01:22:59 8.2.1 Shi'a opposition
01:24:33 8.2.2 Sunni opposition
01:24:42 8.2.2.1 Egypt
01:27:29 8.2.2.2 Morocco
01:28:10 8.2.2.3 Kuwait
01:28:47 8.2.2.4 Turkey
01:29:13 8.2.2.5 Indonesia
01:29:57 8.2.2.6 Malaysia
01:30:24 8.2.2.7 India
01:30:56 8.2.2.8 Somalia
01:31:13 8.2.2.9 Lebanon
01:31:36 8.2.2.10 United States
01:32:14 8.2.2.11 2016 joint fatwa in Chechnya
01:33:16 8.3 Non-religious motivations
01:34:09 8.4 Wahhabism in the United States
01:36:39 8.5 European expansion
01:39:29 8.6 Destruction of Islam's early historical sites
01:40:55 9 See also
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SUMMARY
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Wahhabism (Arabic: الوهابية, al-Wahhābiya(h)) is an Islamic doctrine and religious salafi movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It has been variously described as "ultraconservative", "austere",
"fundamentalist",
or "puritan(ical)"; as an Islamic "reform movement" to restore "pure monotheistic worship" (tawhid) by devotees; and as a "deviant sectarian movement", "vile sect" and a distortion of Islam by its opponents.
The term Wahhabi(ism) is often used polemically and adherents commonly reject its use, preferring to be called Salafi or muwahhid. claiming to emphasize the principle of tawhid (the "uniqueness" and "unity" of God), for exclusivity on monotheism, dismissing other Muslims as practising shirk, (idolatry). It follows the theology of Ibn Taymiyyah and the Hanbali school of jurisprudence, although Hanbali leaders renounced Abd al-Wahhab's views.Wahhabism is named after an eighteenth-century preacher and activist, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792). He started a reform movement in the remote, sparsely populated region of Najd, advocating a purging of such widespread Sunni practices as the veneration of saints and the visiting of their tombs and shrines, that were practiced all over the Islamic world, but which he considered idolatrous impurities and innovations in Islam (Bid'ah). Eventually he formed a pact with a local leader, Muhammad bin Saud, offering political obedience and promising that protection and propagation of the Wahhabi movement meant "power and glory" and rule of "lands and men".The alliance between followers of ibn Abd al-Wahhab and Muhammad bin Saud's successors (the House of Saud) proved to be a durable one. The House of Saud continued to maintain its politico-religious alliance with the Wahhabi sect through the waxing and waning of its own political fortunes over the next 150 years, through to its eventual proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932, and then afterwards, on into modern times. Today Ibn Abd Al-Wahhab's teachings are the official, state-sponsored form of Sunni Is ...
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