Best of Crete: Knossos Archaeological site, Greece guide, land of myths
‘Mythical’ Knossos: The master craftsman Daedalus built the labyrinth for the mythical King Minos in order to isolate the Minotaur, a creature that was half man, half bull. Theseus, the son of the King of Athens, slew him and found his way out of the labyrinth with the help of Minos' daughter, Ariadne. The most important centre of the Minoan civilisation and one of the most popular archaeological sites in Greece, it is just 5km from Heraklion.
It was the headquarters of King Minos and its complex architecture gave birth to the myth of the labyrinth. Thanks to the archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans’ excavation and sensitive restoration, it is now one of the most fascinating sites in Greece, where you can experience exactly what life was like inside the palace.
Admire the throne room, the heart of the palatial complex, which consists of the central court and the main chamber; the Processional Way decorated with frescoes, including the "Prince with the Lilies"; the Propylaea and the famous Bull’s Horns, one of the sacred symbols of Minoan religion, and the royal apartments that consist of the hall of "Double Axes" and the "Apartments of the Queen" with its ‘’Dolphins’’ mural. The Palace of Knossos flourished during the Minoan period (2000-1350 BC) and was the most important socioeconomic and religious centre of Crete.
Archaeological Museum: a 'panorama' of Minoan Crete
This famous museum is considered one of the most important museums in Europe. The exhibits include representative samples from all periods of Cretan history, covering a span of 5,500 years. You will admire the frescoes of "the Bull Leaper", the "Prince with the Lilies", the “Monkey Saffron Collector", the "Blue Ladies" and especially “La Parisienne’’. The new wing of the museum opened in August 2013, with exhibits ranging from the Geometric, Archaic and Classical periods as well as the Roman era.
Knossos is the largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete and is considered Europe's oldest city.
The name Knossos survives from ancient Greek references to the major city of Crete. The identification of Knossos with the Bronze Age site is supported by tradition and by the Roman coins that were scattered over the fields surrounding the pre-excavation site, then a large mound named Kephala Hill, elevation 85 m (279 ft) from current sea level. Many of them were inscribed with Knosion or Knos on the obverse and an image of a Minotaur or Labyrinth on the reverse, both symbols deriving from the myth of King Minos, supposed to have reigned from Knossos.[7] The coins came from the Roman settlement of Colonia Julia Nobilis Cnossus, a Roman colony placed just to the north of, and politically including, Kephala. The Romans believed they had colonized Knossos.[8] After excavation, the discovery of the Linear B tablets, and the decipherment of Linear B by Michael Ventris, the identification was confirmed by the reference to an administrative center, ko-no-so, Mycenaean Greek Knosos in Linear B, undoubtedly the palace complex. The second palace was built on a much grander scale over the old Palace after an earthquake destroyed it. The structure and ruins we see today are from the second Palace. During the Bronze Age, the town surrounded the hill on which the palace was built.The site was discovered in 1878 by Minos Kalokairinos.
Το μινωικό ανάκτορο είναι ο κύριος επισκέψιμος χώρος της Κνωσού (ή Κνωσσού), σημαντικής πόλης κατά την αρχαιότητα, με συνεχή ζωή από τα νεολιθικά χρόνια έως τον 5ο αι. Κατά την παράδοση, υπήρξε η έδρα του σοφού βασιλιά Μίνωα. Συναρπαστικοί μύθοι, του Λαβύρινθου με το Μινώταυρο και του Δαίδαλου με τον Ίκαρο, συνδέονται με το ανάκτορο της Κνωσσού.
Το ανάκτορο αναπτύσσεται γύρω από τη μεγάλη Κεντρική Αυλή, χώρο δημόσιων συγκεντρώσεων. Στη δυτική πτέρυγα εντάσσονται οι επίσημοι χώροι διοικητικών και θρησκευτικών δραστηριοτήτων: το Τριμερές Ιερό, τα Ιερά Θησαυροφυλάκια και οι Υπόστυλες Κρύπτες. Ξεχωρίζει η Αίθουσα του Θρόνου, με τη δεξαμενή καθαρμών και τον αλαβάστρινο θρόνο που πλαισιώνεται από θρανία. Στη νότια πτέρυγα σημαντικότεροι χώροι είναι το Νότιο Πρόπυλο, ο Διάδρομος της Πομπής και η Νότια Είσοδος με την τοιχογραφία του πρίγκηπα με τα Κρίνα. Στην ανατολική πτέρυγα εντάσσονται χώροι κατοίκησης και μεγάλες αίθουσες υποδοχής, με κυριότερες την Αίθουσα των Διπλών Πελέκεων και το Μέγαρο της Βασίλισσας. Σε αυτές οδηγεί το επιβλητικό μεγάλο Κλιμακοστάσιο.
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