The castle of the Teutonic Knights at Sztum, Poland
From 17 - 27 November 1095, Pope Urban II addressed a meeting at Clermont Ferrand then in the Duchy of Aquitaine of around 300 people - not just clerics but lay people too. During this meeting - really a synod - he talked of enacting reforms and various other church matters which included the extension of the excommunication of Philip I of France for his adulterous remarriage to Bertrade of Montfort and a declaration of renewal of the Truce of God, an attempt on the part of the church to reduce feuding among Frankish nobles. As far as the latter was concerned, he had a particular idea of whom it would be better to kill rather than each other.
On the last day, 27 November 1095 Urban II made a call to arms that would result in the First Crusade. Thus did Urban react to the request by Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus who had sent envoys to the Council of Piacenza requesting military assistance against the Seljuk Turks some twenty years earlier. Thus did a reign of terror begin that effected not only the Middle East and Spain but also the Baltic region and which left us some wonderful pieces of architecture such as the castle of the Teutonic Knights at Sztum.
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