Evaluating the Cognitive Explanation of Schizophrenia (AO3 - A Level Psychology Revision)
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AQA Psychology A Level Paper 3 Schizophrenia
Evaluating the Cognitive Explanation of Schizophrenia (AO3 - A Level Psychology Revision)
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A strength of the cognitive explanation is that it has practical applications. Yellowless et al. (2002) developed a machine that produced virtual hallucinations, such as hearing the television telling you to kill yourself or one person’s face morphing into another’s. The intention is to show schizophrenics that their hallucinations are not real. This suggests that understanding the effects of cognitive deficits allows psychologists to create new initiatives for schizophrenics and improve the quality of their lives.
A final strength is that it takes on board the nurture approach to the development of schizophrenia. For example, it suggests that schizophrenic behavior is the cause of environmental factors such as cognitive factors.
One weakness of the cognitive explanation is that there are problems with cause and effect. Cognitive approaches do not explain the causes of cognitive deficits – where they come from in the first place. Is it the cognitive deficits which causes the schizophrenic behavior or is the schizophrenia that causes the cognitive deficits? This suggests that there are problems with the chicken and egg problem.
A second weakness of the cognitive model is that it is reductionist. The reason for this is because the approach does not consider other factors such as genes. It could be that the problems caused by low neurotransmitters creates the cognitive deficits. This suggests that the cognitive approach is oversimplistic when consider the explanation of schizophrenia.
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