leukorrhea
(leucorrhoea, fluor albus)
A whitish, yellowish, or greenish discharge from the vagina of the female.
It can be confirmed by finding more than 10 white blood cells per high-power field under a microscope when examining vaginal fluid.
• It may be normal when it occurs during pregnancy (estrogen levels are high) and the discharge is thin, white, and relatively odourless. Sometimes, it also occurs before an adolescent female has her first period, and is considered a sign of puberty.
• It may be a sign of malignancy or infection with bacteria, yeast, or other microorganisms when the discharge is yellow or green, with an offensive odour, accompanied by irritation, itching, pain, or tissue inflammation.
(Examples of infection)
• cervicitis: Irritates the mucus glands of the cervix, causing them to secrete an excess of mucous mixed with pus, caused by gonorrhea, chlamydia (sexually transmitted diseases), etc.
• vaginitis: Causes irritating discharge, often quite resistant to treatment, caused by Candida albicans (fungus), Trichomonas vaginalis (protozoan) etc.
• bacterial vaginosis: Disturbed balance of normal vaginal flora, caused by a tampon, diaphragm, or other foreign object left too long in the vagina, douching, not using condoms, or having new or multiple sex partners. It can thereby exacerbate infection.
A clinical examination to determine the cause of the discharge is necessary.
Treatment (antimicrobial) is aimed at eliminating the underlying cause.
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