How to Install SSL Certificate on Linux Apache Web Server
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SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer, the protocol which provides the encryption. SSL Certificates provide secure, encrypted communications between a website and an internet browser. SSL Certificates are typically installed on pages that require end-users to submit sensitive information over the internet like credit card details or passwords. SSL certificate used to secure our web site and web app.
Steps to install SSL Certificate on Linux(Ubuntu/Debian) Apache Web Server.
Step1: Install OpenSSL on Linux
OpenSSL is a software library to be used in applications that need to secure communication over the internet.
To install on Ubuntu/Debian run the following command
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssl
Step2: Generate Key and CSR for certificate request
CSR stands for Certificate Signing request, To generate server key file run the following command, replace example.com to your domain name on which you want to install ssl certificate.
openssl genrsa -out example.com.key 2048
Generate CSR file you may run the following command
openssl req -new -sha256 -key example.com.key -out example.com.csr
When you will run the above command it will ask your information like
Country: IN
State / Province: XYZ
City: XYZ
Department:XYZ
Organization: XYZ
Common Name: www.example.com
*Fill your details and hit enter, In Country provide two digit of your country code(example India: IN, USA: US etc )
Download these two file(example.com.key and example.com.csr) and submit submit it to certificate provider, Than they will issue certificate.
The certificate should contains two file .crt and .ca-bundle or bundle.crt
Put your certificate file, bundle file and key file in the directory /etc/ssl/certs/
SSLCertificateFile --- Certificate file
SSLCertificateKeyFile --- Server key file
SSLCertificateChainFile --- bundle file
step3: Configuration of Certificate in Apache web server
Add the virtual host in apache
sudo nano /etc/apache2/site-enabled/000-default.conf
virtual host like
＜VirtualHost *:443＞
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
ServerName example.com
ServerAlias www.example.com
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/example.com.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/certs/example.com.key
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/example_bundle.crt
＜Directory /var/www/html＞
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
＜/Directory＞
＜/VirtualHost＞
#Redirect all http traffic to https
＜VirtualHost *:80＞
ServerName example.com
ServerAlias www.example.com
Redirect permanent / https://www.example.com
＜/VirtualHost＞
Now enable SSL Mode in apache
sudo a2enmod ssl
Restart apache services
sudo service apache2 restart
Step4: Test
Open your website URL in web browser eg. example.com or www.example.com
Done!!!
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