object oriented programming python example
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object-oriented programming (oop) is a programming paradigm that revolves around the concept of objects. these objects are instances of classes, which act as blueprints defining the properties and behaviors of the objects. python is a versatile language that supports oop principles, making it easy to create robust and reusable code.
in this tutorial, we'll explore the fundamentals of oop in python with examples.
a class in python is defined using the class keyword. it serves as a template for creating objects. let's create a simple class called person:
in this example:
to create an object of the person class:
output:
inheritance allows a class (subclass) to inherit the properties and methods of another class (superclass). let's create a subclass called student:
here, student inherits from person. we use super() to call the superclass constructor.
to create a student object:
output:
encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on the data within a single unit (class). it hides the internal state of objects from the outside world. in python, encapsulation can be achieved by making attributes private using the double underscore __ prefix.
here, __balance is a private attribute.
output:
object-oriented programming in python provides a powerful way to structure code, making it easier to manage and maintain. by leveraging classes and objects, you can create modular, reusable, and efficient code. this tutorial covers the basics of oop in python, including classes, inheritance, and encapsulation. experiment with these concepts to enhance your python programming skills. happy coding!
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