DNA polymorphism
Allelic sequence variation
has traditionally been described as a DNA polymorphism if more than
one variant (allele) at a locus occurs in human population with a
frequency greater than 0.01. In simple terms, if an inheritable mutation
is observed in a population at high frequency, it is referred to as DNA
polymorphism. The probability of such variation to be observed in non
coding DNA sequence would be higher as mutations in these sequences
may not have any immediate effect/impact in an individual’s
reproductive ability. These mutations keep on accumulating generation
after generation, and form one of the basis of variability/polymorphism.
There is a variety of different types of polymorphisms ranging from single
nucleotide change to very large scale changes. For evolution and
speciation, such polymorphisms play very important role, and you will
study these in details at higher classes
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