Unix & Linux: How to install a deb file, by dpkg -i or by apt? (7 Solutions!!)
Unix & Linux: How to install a deb file, by dpkg -i or by apt?
The Question: I have a deb package for installation.
Shall I install by dpkg -i my.deb, or by apt?
Will both handle the software dependency problem well?
If by apt, how can I install from the deb by apt?
Solutions: Please watch the whole video to see all solutions, in order of how many people found them helpful
== This solution helped 15 people ==
Check the dependencies with dpkg -I my.deb and apt-get install the dependencies
before dpkg -i my.deb.
May be you can copy the my.deb in /var/cache/apt/archives and install it
directly with apt-get but I never tried. Doesn't work, apt-get and dpkg are
looking for packages listed in archives.
== This solution helped 97 people ==
Install your foo.deb file with dpkg -i foo.deb. If there are some errors with
unresolved dependencies, run apt-get install -f afterwards.
== This solution helped 989 people ==
When you use apt to install a package, https://wiki.debian.org/
DebianPackageManagement it uses dpkg. When you install a package using apt, it
first creates a list of all the dependencies and downloads it from the
repository.
Once the download is finished it calls dpkg to install all those files,
satisfying all the dependencies.
*** So if you have a .deb file, you can install it by: ***
1. Using:
sudo dpkg -i /path/to/deb/file
sudo apt-get install -f
2. Using:
sudo apt install ./name.deb
Or
sudo apt install /path/to/package/name.deb
With old apt-get versions you must first move your deb file to /var/
cache/apt/archives/ directory. For both, after executing this command, it
will automatically download its dependencies.
3. First installing gdebi and then opening your .deb file using it (Right-
click -＞ Open with). It will install your .deb package with all its
dependencies.
Note: APT maintains the package index which is a database of available
packages available in repo defined in /etc/apt/sources.list file and in
the /etc/apt/sources.list.d directory. All these methods will fail to
satisfy the software dependency if the dependencies required by the deb
is not present in the package index.
----
**** Why use sudo apt-get install -f after sudo dpkg -i /path/to/deb/file (as
mentioned in method 1)? ****
From man apt-get:
-f, --fix-broken
Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place.
When dpkg installs a package and a package dependency is not satisfied, it
leaves the package in an "unconfigured" state and that package is considered
broken.
The sudo apt-get install -f command tries to fix this broken package by
installing the missing dependency.
== This solution helped 6 people ==
The simplest answer would be to use dpkg by running dpkg -i packagename.deb.
You could then uninstall it by running dpkg -r packagename.deb.
apt-get is a higher level installer based off of dpkg, and as such you could
apt-get install packagename.deb.
It would be beneficial for add it to your apt-get archives directory (/var/
cache/apt/archives) so you could reference it as a package with dependencies
and not a standalone .deb archive.
Also, by adding it to your apt-get archives directory, you have the opportunity
to use dependencies with apt-get install packagename. This would let you
install it with any manually added dependencies instead of dpkg's standalone
archive-based system.
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