Hyaline arteriolosclerosis-Hypertension
Hyaline arteriolosclerosis is the thickening and narrowing of arteriolar walls due to hyaline deposits. Hyaline arteriolosclerosis, which is often seen in kidneys, is common in elderly and most severe in patients with hypertension. The lesions reflect endothelial injury with subsequent leakage of plasma proteins across the vascular endothelium and excessive extracellular matrix synthesis by smooth muscle due to chronic hemodynamic stress of hypertension. The narrowed blood vessels cause diffuse impairment of renal blood supply leading to loss of nephrons. The narrowing of lumen can also decrease renal blood flow and hence glomerular filtration rate leading to secretion of renin that in turn intensifies the existing hypertension.
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