What is Github |What is Git | Version Control System in GitHub | Why to use GitHub | GitHub Benefits
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What is GitHub? #Github
GitHub is primarily a web platform, which hosts code repositories along with distributed version control. Today, almost every developer working on a group project or individually uses GitHub as the most important tool due to its capability of making version control easier.
GitHub provides developers an essential tool which helps in best code practices, on the other hand, it does help in showcasing your recent work also.
Now, let's discuss why GitHub is such an important tool for a web developer.
GitHub is a code hosting platform for collaboration and version control.
Collaboration - Multiple people can pull and push code to the repository, making it a centralized source.
What is Version control
Benefits of version control
Version control systems are a category of software tools that help a software team manage changes to source code over time. Version control software keeps track of every modification to the code in a special kind of database. If a mistake is made, developers can turn back the clock and compare earlier versions of the code to help fix the mistake while minimizing disruption to all team members.
GitHub essentials are:
Repositories
Branches
Commits
Pull Requests
Git (the version control software GitHub is built on)
1. Repository
A GitHub repository can be used to store a development project.
It can contain folders and any type of files (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Documents, Data, Images).
A GitHub repository should also include a license file and a README file about the project.
A GitHub repository can also be used to store ideas or any resources that you want to share.
2. Branch
A GitHub branch is used to work with different versions of a repository at the same time.
By default, a repository has a master branch (a production branch).
Any other branch is a copy of the master branch (as it was at a point in time).
3. Commits
At GitHub, changes are called commits.
Each commit (change) has a description explaining why a change was made.
4. Pull Requests - Pull Requests are the heart of GitHub collaboration.
With a pull request, you are proposing that your changes should be merged (pulled in) with the master.
Pull requests show content differences, changes, additions, and subtractions in colors (green and red).
As soon as you have a commit, you can open a pull request and start a discussion, even before the code is finished.
Github Allows You
Share your repositories with others.
Access other user's repositories.
Store remote copies of your repositories (GitHub servers) as a backup of your local copies.
GitHub Makes Version Control Easier Using Git.
What is Git? #Git
Git is a popular version control System, which has the functionality of making a change-log or history of all changes made to their code while developing the project.
As we all know, having a version control on your code while developing is as important as writing code. A good version control system makes the workflow easier and GitHub is the best option to fulfill this part.
Difference between GitHub and Git? #GithubVsGit
Git is a version control system, a tool to manage your source code history.
GitHub is a hosting service for Git repositories.
So they are not the same thing: Git is the tool, GitHub is the service for projects that use Git.
So "Git is a free and open source distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency".
Centralized Workflow
Let's understand this with an example.
Suppose you and your friends (A, B) are programmers. You are staying in Australia. Your friend A is staying in the USA. B is staying in India.
Now you all come up with an idea of software. And you inform A and B about it. They also accept it. Now how you will work together?
Because of all three on different corners of the world.
If you have to work together, first you should do some programming and B and A should also. Then you all should share the files with each other using email or cloud. Now think of this, now if you start a part you should send it to both A and B. If A makes something he must share with B and you. That even if anyone writes a single bit of code, and he must send the whole file with 2 others.
Now think about this if you got 12 more members in your team. Next, if you employ more people it would be even more trouble! Like if your team increases to 100 or 1000!
Instead of sharing your file with all 999 members you can upload it in one place. Also instead of uploading the whole code file, you can upload only the change you made. All team can get it from there.
Then if you come up with an issue, instead of telling each 999 one by one for a solution, you can tell that issue on that platform and it will at a time go to all 999. Also, new members can join your project with ease.
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