What is the Highly Sensitive Person Construct? (Sensory Processing Sensitivity)
This video describes the concept of a highly sensitive person. This construct was developed by Dr. Aron in the 1990s and there's a few terms that are all wrapped together and this gets a little bit confusing, which isn't uncommon for relatively new constructs in the world of personality theory. When we look at the highly sensitive person, it's an individual who has sensory processing sensitivity or they have the highly sensitive trait. This is not a mental health disorder, but rather a trait which would be largely considered based on genetics, so it would be heritable much of the time, although the environment could play a part in developing this trait. This construct is associated with a number of characteristics including an individual who's more reactive to stimuli, so they tend to get overstimulated by lights noise being in crowds. They tend to process a lot of sensory information, so they can detect subtle details and they're alert, but this can become overwhelming and they need to recharge. Sometimes we think of this construct as associated with needing more sleep. Some of these traits seem to be analogous to what we see in the five-factor model. This trait is associated with a higher level of conscientiousness, more creativity and imagination, and a decrease in the level of extraversion. The highly sensitive person tends to process emotions more deeply, have more empathy and have more emotional reactivity. Research indicates that about 15 to 20% of the population could be classified as highly sensitive. A few studies have indicated there might be three subtypes of the highly sensitive person: the aesthetic sensitivity type, the low sensory threshold type, and the ease of excitation type.
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