Carnatic Wars- The fall of French and Rise of English in India | Modern Indian History
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This lecture on The Carnatic Wars which comes in the Modern Indian History covers : The Carnatic first second and third war.
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The First Carnatic War (1746-48)
The War of the Austrian Succession broke out in Europe in 1740. In this war Britain and France joined opposite camps. As a result the English and the French Companies also became engulfed in the war. Thus the First Carnatic War was started British India.
At first a British fleet under Barnett captured some French ships and even endangered Pondicherry. Dupleix, the Governor General of French, then sent an appeal to La Bourdonnais, governor of Mauritius, to assist him with his fleet.
French East India Company, With the help of this fleet Dupleix captured Madras. But soon differences flared up between Dupleix and Bourdonnais. La Bourdonnais went back with his fleet. The English then made a naval attack on Pondicherry but was repulsed with heavy loss.
The Second Carnatic War (1749-54)
After the First Carnatic War, Dupleix fully understood the weakness of the Indian princes.british east india company, Henceforth he began to look for opportunities to extend French influence by calculated interference in the internal quarrels of the Indian states French India .
Tripartite Understanding: upleix soon got his opportunity. He was able to interfere in the wars of succession that started after the death of Asaf Jah (1748), the late Nizam of Hyderabad. Carnatic region
The Third Carnatic War (1757-1763 AD.)
The seven Year’s War broke out in Europe in 1756 A.D. In this War England and France joined opposite camps. Its repercussion was immediately felt in India. The two Companies renewed their hostility. Thus began the Third Carnatic War. anglo french war in india,This time the war passed beyond the limits of the Carnatic and reached Bengal as well, where the English captured the French possession of Chandernagore in 1757. But as the most decisive battles of the wars were fought in the Carnatic, nawab of carnatic,it is rightly called as the Third Carnatic War.
Causes of French failure
• A principal factor for French failure was the superiority of the British naval power. This enabled the English to bring soldiers from Europe and to send supplies from Bengal. But the French were unable to replenish their resources from outside.
• Secondly, the English East India Company was a private company and it showed greater enterprise in business. But the French Company was dependent on the government and lacked the spirit of bold, individual and corporate effort. Neither the French government nor the share holders who were assured of a fixed dividend took any active interest in the fortunes of the Company British Raj,.
• Thirdly, the British had three important bases in India – Calcutta, Madras and Bombay. If any of these bases were imperiled by the French, the English could still get resources from other centers and could continue war from the other bases. On the other hand, the French had only one strong base at Pondicherry. If Pondicherry was endangered, it could not get any effective support from their other bases in India.
• Fourthly, the British Company was lucky to have many capable men like Clive, Lawrence, and Eyre Coote etc. in its service. On the other hand, besides Dupleix, the French Company had no really able man to serve it.
• Fifthly, the victory at Plassey gave the English Company large resources of a rich area Pondichéry,.
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