Understanding Blood Sugar Levels, INSULIN RESISTANCE & Impact on Chronic Diseases | Dr. Rob Lustig
Dr. Robert Lustig delves into the complex topic of insulin resistance and its profound impact on chronic diseases. He explores the mechanisms behind insulin resistance, its manifestations in different tissues, and the role it plays in conditions like Type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Key Points:
Insulin Resistance: Unraveling the Mechanisms:
Insulin receptors on cells become down-regulated, leading to reduced insulin function.
Dysfunctional signaling beyond the receptors contributes to insulin resistance.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms is crucial to addressing this phenomenon.
Insulin Resistance in Different Tissues:
Insulin resistance manifests in various tissues, resulting in different chronic diseases.
Type 2 diabetes: Insulin resistance at the liver level.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome: Insulin resistance at the ovary.
Cardiovascular disease: Insulin resistance at the heart.
Alzheimer's disease: Insulin resistance in the brain.
Factors Contributing to Insulin Resistance:
Subcutaneous fat: High levels can lead to insulin resistance, but not necessarily in all cases.
Stress: Cortisol and altered sympathetic nervous system output play a role, independent of energy and food intake.
Fatty liver disease: The liver accumulates fat, impairing its function and necessitating higher insulin production, contributing to insulin resistance.
Challenging the Calorie Paradigm:
Obesity and diabetes don’t always correlate, with some countries experiencing one without the other.
The obesity rate is increasing slower than diabetes, suggesting other factors at play.
Fat distribution and specific diseases influence insulin resistance, not just calorie intake.
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