Welding, MIG welding 13, Metal inert gas (MIG) and Metal active gas (MAG)
Welding, MIG welding 13, Metal inert gas (MIG) and Metal active gas (MAG) #shortsvideo
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Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG) and metal active gas (MAG) is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a consumable MIG wire electrode and the workpiece metal(s), which heats the workpiece metal(s), causing them to fuse (melt and join).
Mig welding is an arc welding process (like stick or tig welding — see
Chapters 5 through 8) that first started showing up in the late 1920s, and
its popularity quickly skyrocketed.
Why? Mig welding is fast and easy.
Compared to other types of welding, mig can be quite a bit faster. It’s relatively
easy, but it’s certainly a lot easier if you’ve had some experience with (or
you’re familiar with) other types of welding.
But despite the fact that it’s easier to pick up and quicker than some other welding processes, it’s still not the best choice in every welding situation.
Note: Flux core arc welding (also known as FCAW) is very similar to mig welding, but
it doesn’t involve shielding gas. Instead of gas, a section of flux in the middle of
the electrode wire shields the molten puddle after welding, and it has to be
removed upon completion of a weld. Mig welding is much more common —
especially among beginning welders.
Two of the most important characteristics of mig welding are the use of a continuously
fed supply of electrode wire (often called simply wire) and the need for
a shielding gas to protect the weld pool from the atmosphere — atmospheric gases
can make your welds brittle, porous, or just plain weak.
You feed the electrode into the mig welding machine, which directs it down into the mig welding gun (the part you hold with your hand). In the gun, an arc melts the electrode and allows you to deposit it on your parent metal (the metal you’re making the weld on) to
make a weld.
The gun also directs a shielding gas flow (usually argon) over the
weld pool.
Along with the wire electrode, a shielding gas feeds through the welding gun, which shields the process from atmospheric contamination.
The process can be semi-automatic or automatic. A constant voltage, direct current power source is most commonly used with GMAW, but constant current systems, as well as alternating current, can be used.
There are four primary methods of metal transfer in GMAW, called globular, short-circuiting, spray, and pulsed-spray, each of which has distinct properties and corresponding advantages and limitations.
Originally developed in the 1940s for welding aluminium and other non-ferrous materials, GMAW was soon applied to steels because it provided faster welding time compared to other welding processes.
The cost of inert gas limited its use in steels until several years later, when the use of semi-inert gases such as carbon dioxide became common. Further developments during the 1950s and 1960s gave the process more versatility and as a result, it became a highly used industrial process.
Today, GMAW is the most common industrial welding process, preferred for its versatility, speed and the relative ease of adapting the process to robotic automation.
Unlike welding processes that do not employ a shielding gas, such as shielded metal arc welding, it is rarely used outdoors or in other areas of moving air.
A related process, flux cored arc welding, often does not use a shielding gas, but instead employs an electrode wire that is hollow and filled with flux.
Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld.
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